Etheridge

Etheridge may be:

  • The Shire of Etheridge, Queensland in Australia
  • A mis-spelling of George Etherege
  • A reference to the singer-songwriter Melissa Etheridge
  • A reference to the victoria based Sky producer Matthew campbell Darcy etheridge, celebrated debutante and bon viveur.
  • A reference to US Representative Bob Etheridge (D - NC, 2nd District)

School of Advanced Study

The School of Advanced Study is a listed organisation of the University of London. It was established on 1 August 1994 and has ten member institutes. These are:

  • Institute of Advanced Legal Studies≈
  • Institute of Classical Studies≈
  • Institute of Commonwealth Studies≈
  • Institute of English Studies
  • Institute of Germanic & Romance Studies≈
  • Institute of Historical Research≈
  • Institute of Musical Research
  • Institute of Philosophy
  • Institute for the Study of the Americas≈
  • Warburg Institute≈

The institutes are research-based and open to postgraduate students only.

Those institutes marked with ≈ in the above list incorporate libraries that are part of the University of London Research Library Services.


External links

  • School of Advanced Study website

Communications jamming

In telecommunication, the term communications jamming (COMJAM) has the following meanings:

  1. The portion of electronic jamming that is directed against communications circuits and systems.
  2. The prevention of successful radio communications by the use of electromagnetic signals, i.e., the deliberate radiation, reradiation, or reflection of electromagnetic energy with the objective of impairing the effective use of electronic communications systems.

The aim of communications jamming is to prevent communications by electromagnetic means, or at least to degrade communications sufficiently to cause delays in transmission and reception. Jamming may be used in conjunction with deception to achieve an overall electronic counter-measure (ECM) plan implementation.


See also

  • Jamming

Nonstandard model

In model theory, a nonstandard model is a model of a theory that differs from (i.e. is not isomorphic to) the intended model. If the intended model is infinite, then the Löwenheim-Skolem theorems guarantee the existence of nonstandard models. The nonstandard models can be chosen as elementary extensions or elementary substructures of the intended model.

Nonstandard models are studied in set theory, non-standard analysis, and non-standard arithmetic.

Osgoldcross Rural District

Osgoldcross Rural District was a rural district in the West Riding of Yorkshire, England. It was created in 1938, from 19 remaining parishes of the disbanded Pontefract Rural District after three-quarters (but only a small fraction of the area) of its population had been transferred to surrounding authorities - specifically to Castleford (which took 14,145 of the 23,981 in the district in 1931), Knottingley, and Pontefract.

It was named after the Wapentake of Osgoldcross and administered from Pontefract.

Since April 1, 1974 it has formed part of the District of Selby and the City of Wakefield.

At the time of its dissolution it consisted of the following 19 civil parishes.

  • Balne
  • Beal
  • Birkin
  • Brotherton
  • Burton Salmon
  • Bryam-cum-Sutton
  • Cridling Stubbs
  • Darrington
  • East Hardwick
  • Eggborough
  • Fairburn
  • Heck
  • Hensall
  • Hillam
  • Kellington
  • Monk Fryston
  • Stapleton
  • Whitley
  • Wormersley

All but Darrington and East Hardwick went to Selby district.


References

  • http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/relationships.jsp?u_id=10074319&c_id=10001043

Ruled paper

Ruled paper is writing paper that typically consists of horizontal lines meant to separate lines of written text, and vertical lines meant to provide margins. Another popular alternative, known as graph paper, is a grid layout in which horizontal and vertical lines are equally spaced, dividing the page into squares. The choice of the paper’s ruling is independent of the paper size to be used.


Specific varieties

Ruled paper is available in a variety of semi-stardardized formats. Wide ruled paper has 11/32″ spacing between ruling lines, and is commonly used by children and those with larger handwriting. Medium or College ruled paper 9/32″ spacing between ruling lines, and is very common in the US. College professors sometimes specify the use of college ruled paper. Legal or Narrow ruled paper has 1/4″ spacing between ruling lines, and is used by those with smaller handwriting or to fit more lines per page.

Gregg ruled paper has ruling specialized for stenography. It has 11/32″ spacing between ruling lines, with a single margin (down the center of the page).

Valid name (botany)

In botanical nomenclature, a valid name is a name that meets the requirements in the ICBN for valid publication. Valid publication of a name represents the minimum requirements for a botanical name to exist: therefore a botanical name inescapably is always valid. If a name is not validly published then it is not a botanical name. Thus an “invalid name” is not a botanical name: as far as the ICBN is concerned an invalid name has the same status as a common name, a vernacular name, etc. That is: it has no status.

Nevertheless invalid names are somewhat in use, this may occur when a taxonomists finds and recognises a taxon and thinks of a name, but delays in publishing this in an adequate manner. A common reason for this is that a taxonomist intends to write a magnum opus that provides an overview of the group he is working on, rather than a series of small papers. In practice this causes problems.

See also <h4>

  • valid name (zoology)

Electronic Engineering Times

Electronic Engineering Times is a weekly magazine of the electronic industry published in the USA by CMP Media LLC.

While it has a subscription cost, it is free for qualified engineers and managers of the industry. It is also available online.

The EE Times hosts news, columns, and featured articles for semiconductor manufacturing, communications, electronic design automation, electronic engineering, technology, and products.


External link

  • eeTimes home

Computer-aided

Computer-aided- or Computer-assisted- is a prefix that hints to the use of a computer as an indispensable tool in a certain field, usually derived from more traditional fields of science and engineering. Instead of the prefix computer aided or computer-assisted, in some cases the suffix management system is used.


Engineering and Production

  • Computer-aided design

    • Computer Aided Architectural Design
    • Computer-aided industrial design
    • Electronic and Electrical Computer-aided design
    • computer-aided garden design
  • Computer-aided drafting
  • Computer-aided engineering
    • Computer-aided production engineering
  • Computer-aided manufacturing
  • Computer-aided quality
  • Computer-aided maintenance


Music and Arts

  • Computer-Aided Algorithmic Composition
  • Computer assisted painting


Human Languages

  • Computer-aided translation


Medicine

  • Computer Assisted Detection
  • Computer-aided diagnosis
  • Computer-aided tomography
  • Computer Assisted Orthopedic Surgery
  • Computer Assisted Sperm Analysis


Software Engineering

  • Computer-aided software engineering


Traffic Control

  • Computer Aided Dispatch


Teaching

  • Computer assisted instruction
  • Computer assisted learning better known as Computer Based Learning
  • Computer-assisted language learning
  • Computer-Assisted Assessment


Mathematics

  • Computer-assisted proof


Economy

  • Computer Assisted Auditing Techniques
  • Computer Assisted Mass Appraisal


Communications

  • Computer Assisted Personal Interviewing
  • Computer Assisted Telephone Interviewing
  • Computer-assisted reporting


Security

  • Computer Assisted Passenger Prescreening System


Entertainment

  • Computer-assisted gaming

    • computer-assisted role-playing game

Stovepipe system

In engineering and computing, a stovepipe system is a legacy system that is an assemblage of inter-related elements that are so tightly bound together that the individual elements cannot be differentiated, upgraded or refactored. The stovepipe system must be maintained until it can be entirely replaced by a new system.

Examples of stovepipe systems:

  • Systems for which new hardware is no longer available.
  • Systems whose original source code has been lost.
  • Systems that were built using old or ad hoc engineering methodologies for which support can no longer be found.

The term is also used to describe a system that does not interoperate with other
systems, presuming instead that it is the only extant system.

A stovepipe system is an example of an anti-pattern legacy system and demonstrates software brittleness.


References

Stovepipes are “systems procured and developed to solve a specific problem, characterized by a limited focus and functionality, and containing data that cannot be easily shared with other systems.” (DOE 1999)

DOE. Committee to Assess the Policies and Practices of the Department of Energy, Improving Project Management in the Department of Energy, National Academy Press, Washington, D.C., 1999, page 133.

Monopulse radar

Monopulse radar is an adaptation of conical scanning radar which sends additional information in the radar signal in order to avoid problems caused by rapid changes in signal strength. The system also makes jamming more difficult. Most radars designed since the 1960s are monopulse systems.


Description

Conical scan systems work by sending out a signal slightly to one side of the antenna’s boresight, and then rotating the feed horn to make the lobe rotate around the boresight line. A target centered on the boresight is always slightly illuminated by the lobe, and provides a strong return. If the target is to one side, it will be illuminated only when the lobe is pointed in that general direction, resulting in a weaker signal overall (or a flashing one if the rotation is slow enough) with the maximum return in the direction the antenna should be moved.

One problem with this approach is that radar signals often change in amplitude for reasons that have nothing to do with beam alignment. Over the period of a few tenths of seconds, for instance, changes in target heading, clouds and other issues can dramatically affect the returned signal. Since conical scanning systems depend on the signal growing a weakening due only to the lobe position, such changes in reflected signal can cause it to be “confused” about the position of the target within the lobe’s scanning area.

Monopulse radar avoids this problem by always comparing the signal against the signal, as opposed to the mechanical position of the antenna. Monopulse radars split the beam into parts, and then compares the signal strength of the parts when they return. That means the comparison always takes place based on the reflection of a single pulse, and hence the name “monopulse”. The signal can then be rotated as in a conical scanning system, changes in signal strength over the rotation period will have no effect because those comparisons are not made.

In effect a conical scanning system displays the strength of the signal “now” as opposed to “then”, over time. Monopulse systems compare a single pulse with itself, so there is no time delay in which the signal strength can change. Changes in signal strength during the pulse are possible, but as these are normally only a few microseconds long, simple effects like changes in direction will be far too slow to confuse the monopulse receiver.

Making such a comparison requires that different parts of the beam be distinguished from each other. Normally this is achieved by splitting the pulse into two parts and polarizing each one separately before sending it to a set of slightly off-axis feed horns. This results in a set of lobes, usually two, overlapping on the boresight. On reception, the signals are separated again, and then one signal is inverted and the two are then summed. If the target is to one side of the boresight the resulting sum will be positive, if on the other, negative, a signal that can be amplified and sent directly to the pointing motors.

Monopulse radar was extremely “high tech” when it was first introduced in 1943 in a Naval Research Laboratory experiment. As a result, it was very expensive and generally more difficult to maintain. It was only used when extreme accuracy was needed that the cost was justified. Early uses included the Nike Ajax missile, which demanded very high accuracy, or for tracking radars used for measuring various rocket launches. One of the larger installations first appeared in the 1970s as the US Navy’s AN/SPY-1 radar used on the Aegis Combat System. Over time the cost of implementing a monopulse tracker has fallen, and the technology is today found in practically all modern radars, even those used in disposable ordinance like missiles.


See also

  • Amplitude monopulse
  • AN/FPS-16


Weblink

Monopulse Duplexer in a waveguide-system

Environmental scanning

Environmental scanning is a concept from business management by which businesses gather information from the environment, to better achieve a sustainable competitive advantage. To sustain competitive advantage the company must also respond to the information gathered from environmental scanning by altering its strategies and plans when the need arises.


Methods

There are three ways of scanning the business environment:

  • Continuous scanning - (also called continuous learning) - continuous structured factors

Most commentators feel that in today’s turbulent business environment the best scanning method available is continuous scanning.This allows the firm to act quickly, take advantage of opportunities before competitors do, and respond to environmental threats before significant damage is done.


The Macroenvironment

Environmental scanning usually refers just to the macroenvironment, but it can also include industry and competitor analysis, consumer analysis, product innovations, and the company’s internal environment. Macroenvironmental scanning involves analysing:

  • The Economy

    • GNP or GDP per capita
    • economic growth
    • unemployment rate
    • inflation rate
    • consumer and investor confidence
    • inventory levels
    • currency exchange rates
    • merchandise trade balance
    • financial and political health of trading partners
    • balance of payments
    • future trends
  • Government
    • political climate - amount of government activity
    • political stability and risk
    • government debt
    • budget deficit or surplus
    • corporate and personal tax rates
    • payroll taxes
    • import tariffs and quotas
    • export restrictions
    • restrictions on international financial flows
  • Legal
    • minimum wage laws
    • environmental protection laws
    • worker safety laws
    • union laws
    • copyright and patent laws
    • anti- monopoly laws
    • Sunday closing laws
    • municipal licences
    • laws that favour business investment
  • Technology
    • efficiency of infrastructure, including: roads, ports, airports, rolling stock, hospitals, education, healthcare, communication, etc.
    • industrial productivity
    • new manufacturing processes
    • new products and services of competitors
    • new products and services of supply chain partners
    • any new technology that could impact the company
    • cost and accessibility of electrical power
  • Ecology
    • ecological concerns that affect the firms production processes
    • ecological concerns that affect customers’ buying habits
    • ecological concerns that affect customers’ perception of the company or product
  • Socio-Cultural
    • demographic factors such as:

      • population size and distribution
      • age distribution
      • education levels
      • income levels
      • ethnic origins
      • religious affiliations
    • attitudes towards:
      • materialism, capitalism, free enterprise
      • individualism, role of family, role of government, collectivism
      • role of church and religion
      • consumerism
      • environmentalism
      • importance of work, pride of accomplishment
    • cultural structures including:
      • diet and nutrition
      • housing conditions
  • Potential Suppliers
    • Labour supply

      • quantity of labour available
      • quality of labour available
      • stability of labour supply
      • wage expectations
      • employee turn-over rate
      • strikes and labour relations
      • educational facilities
    • Material suppliers
      • quality, quantity, price, and stability of material inputs
      • delivery delays
      • proximity of bulky or heavy material inputs
      • level of competition among suppliers
    • Service Providers
      • quantity, quality, price, and stability of service facilitators
      • special requirements
  • Stakeholders
    • Lobbyists
    • Shareholders
    • Employees
    • Partners

Scanning these macroenvironmental variables for threats and opportunities requires that each issue be rated on two dimensions. It must be rated on its potential impact on the company, and rated on its likeliness of occurrence. Multiplying the potential impact parameter by the likeliness of occurrence parameter gives us a good indication of its importance to the firm.


Responses

When an issue is detected, there are generally six ways of responding to them:

  • opposition strategy - try to influence the environmental forces so as to negate their impact - this is only successful where you have some control over the environmental variable in question
  • adaptation strategy - adapt your marketing plan to the new environmental conditions
  • offensive strategy - try to turn the new influence into an advantage - quick response can give you a competitive advantage
  • redeployment strategy - redeploy your assets into another industry
  • contingency strategies - determine a broad range of possible reactions - find substitutes
  • passive strategy - no response - study the situation further

How do we then analyse a retail business using this strategy?


See also

  • Marketing
  • Marketing management
  • Strategic Toolkit
  • Industry or market research
  • Marketing research
  • PEST analysis
  • Porter 5 forces analysis
  • Prometheus Process
  • Marketing plan
  • SWOT Analysis
  • Competitor analysis
  • Environmental analysis
  • List of marketing topics
  • List of management topics
  • List of economics topics
  • List of accounting topics
  • List of finance topics
  • List of economists

TclX

TclX extends the Tcl programming language by providing new operating system interface commands, extended file control, scanning and status commands and many others. Much of TclX has been incorporated into Tcl.

TclX was developed by Karl Lehenbauer and Mark Diekhans.


External links

  • http://sourceforge.net/projects/tclx

Nuclear density

Nuclear density is the density of the nucleus of an atom, averaging about 1018 kgm-3. The descriptive term nuclear density is also applied to situations where similarly high densities occur, such as within neutron stars.

The nuclear density in a typical nucleus can be calculated from the size of the nucleus. The radius of a typical nucleus is
<math>R=A^{1/3}r_0</math>
where <math>r_0</math> is 1.25 fm, with deviations of 0.2 fm from this value. The nucleons density <math>n</math> satisfies

<math>{4\over 3} \pi n R^3 = A</math>

Therefore <math>n = {3\over 4\pi {r_0}^3} = 0.122 fm^{-3} = 1.22 \cdot 10^{44} m^{-3}</math>.
The mass density given above is the product of this by the nucleon mass <math>1.67 10^{-27} kg</math>.

The components of an atom and of an atomic nucleus have varying densities. The proton is not a fundamental particle, being composed of quark-gluon matter. Its size is approximately 10-15 meters and its density 1018 kgm-3. Using deep inelastic scattering, it has been estimated that the “size” of an electron, if it is not a point particle, must be less than 10-17 meters. This would correspond to a density of roughly 1021 kgm-3.

Probing deeper within particles, one finds quarks which appear to be very dense and very hard. There are possibilities for still higher densities when it comes to quark matter, gluon matter, or neutrino matter. In the immediate future, the highest experimentally measurable densities will likely be limited to leptons and quarks.


See also

  • Nuclear equation of state
  • Nuclear matter
  • Quark-gluon plasma
  • Nuclear compressibility

Tamano, Okayama

is a city located in the southern Okayama, Japan.

As of 2003, the city has an estimated population of 68,169 and the density of 658.26 persons per km². The total area is 103.56 km².

The city was officially founded on August 3, 1940.

JR Uno Line connect it to Okayama. Before Great Seto Bridge was opened, there was train ferry between Uno Port in Tamano and Takamatsu on Shikoku and Tamano was the major entrance to Shikoku. Still today there are many ferry line between Uno port and Takamatsu, Shodoshima and NaoshimaIslands.

Its major industry was ship construction and metal fining. Other industry is fishing.


External links

  • Tamano official website in Japanese

Update (university computer club)

The Update Computer Society (Datorföreningen Update in Swedish) is an academic computer club at the university of Uppsala, and a member of the Nordic University Computer Club. Update was founded in 1983, and membership is open to all students and employees at the University of Uppsala and the University of Agricultural Sciences at Uppsala. The club operates its own terminal room in the computer science building, and provides various computer services to its members. Several of the members have an interest tending towards the historical, and Update keeps several ancient computer systems, architectures ranging from VAX and PDP-11 to Cray and from LISP machines to PDP-8, some of which are kept operational and ready to run.


External links

  • Official web site of the Update Computer Society

List of ship launches in 1903

The list of ship launches in 1903 includes a chronological list of all ships launched in 1903.

Country Builder Location Ship Class Notes
January 14 Union Iron Works San Francisco, California Pike Plunger class submarine
June Kiel Dockyard Kiel Roon Armored cruiser

|}


See also

Industrial action

Industrial action (UK) or job action (US) refers collectively to any measure taken by trade unions or other organised labour meant to reduce productivity in a workplace. Quite often it is used and interpreted, mistakenly, as a euphemism for strike, but the scope is much wider. Industrial action may take place in the context of a labour dispute or may be meant to effect political or social change. Specifically industrial action may include one or more of the following:

  • strike
  • go-slow
  • occupation of factories
  • work-to-rule
  • general strike
  • slowdown
  • overtime ban


See also

  • nonviolent resistance

Cable telephony

Cable telephony is a specialized form of digital telephony over cable TV networks accomplished by installing a special telephone interface at the customer’s premises that converts the analog signals from the customer’s in-home wiring into a digital signal, which is then sent over the cable connection to the company’s switching center, where it is connected to the PSTN.

The biggest obstacle to cable telephone service is the need for nearly 100% reliable service for emergency calls. PacketCable, one of the emerging standards being developed for digital cable telephony, seems to be the most promising and able to work with the Quality of Service demands of traditional analog telephone service.

The biggest advantage to digital cable telephone service is similar to the advantage of digital cable television, namely that data can be compressed, resulting in much less bandwidth used than a dedicated analog circuit-switched service. Other advantages include better voice quality and perhaps future integration to a VoIP network providing cheap or unlimited nationwide and international calling. Note that in most cases, digital cable telephone service is separate from broadband internet service being offered by many cable companies and does not rely on TCP/IP traffic or the Internet.

Gunsan Line

The Gunsan Line is a railway line serving North Jeolla Province in South Korea. The line connects the major railway junction of Iksan (on the Honam Line) to the city of Gunsan. KTX transit is available at Iksan station.


Line Data

Length: 22.3kms
Double track: Nil


See also

  • Korean National Railroad
  • Transportation in South Korea
  • List of Korea-related topics


External links

  • Korean National Railroad, for train times and other information

Radiant flux

In radiometry, radiant flux or radiant power is the measure of the total power of electromagnetic radiation (including visible light). The power may be the total emitted from a source, or the total landing on a particular surface.


Units

The SI unit of radiant flux is the watt (W), which has dimensions of energy/time or, in SI units joules/second.


See also

flux

  • Power (physics)
  • Average fixed cost

    Average fixed cost (AFC) is an economics term to describe the total fixed costs (TFC) divided by the number of units produced.
    <math>\left ( \frac{TFC}{Q} \right ) = AFC</math>; TFC = total fixed cost, Q = quantity of units produced

    Average variable cost plus average fixed cost equals average total cost.


    See also

    • Variable cost

    Nano-abacus

    The nano-abacus is a nano-sized abacus developed by IBM scientist. Stable rows made up of ten molecules act as the railings of the abacus. The beads are made up of fullerene and are pushed around by a scanning tunneling microscope tip. The nano-abacus has the potential to be used in a variety of nanotechnological inventions such as the nano-computer. [1]

    Envolution

    Envolution is a content management system that began as a fork of PostNuke.


    Creation

    Envolution created and developed a smarty based templating engine named “Encompass”. Emcompass was later combined with “envRender”, another Envolution-developed work.


    Envolution Software

    The Envolution Project formally disbanded as a community project in 2003. Afterwards, the group became the Envolution Software business entity. Envolution Software serves as a holding company for various other projects and products.


    External links

    • Envolution Website

    Product requirements document

    A product requirements document (PRD) is used in product marketing to plan and execute new products. A PRD is often created after a marketing requirements document (MRD) has been written and been given approval by management, and is usually written before (or at least concurrently with) a technical requirements document. It is designed to allow people within a company to understand what a product should do and how it should work. PRDs are most frequently written for software products, but can be used for any type of product.

    Typical components of a software product requirements document are:

    • Title & author Information
    • Purpose and scope, from both a technical and business perspective
    • Stakeholder identification
    • Market assessment and target demographics
    • Product overview and use cases
    • Requirements, including
      • functional requirements (e.g. what a product should do)
      • usability requirements
      • technical requirements (e.g. security, network, platform, integration, client)
      • environmental requirements
      • support requirements
      • interaction requirements (e.g. how the software should work with other systems)
    • Constraints
    • Workflow plans, timelines and milestones
    • Evaluation plan and performance metrics

    Not all PRDs have all of these components. In particular, PRDs for other types of products (manufactured goods, etc.) will eliminate the software-specific elements from the list above, and may add in additional elements that pertain to their domain, e.g. manufacturing requirements.

    A PRD sometimes serves as a marketing requirements document as well, particularly if the product is small or uncomplicated.


    See also

    • Marketing requirements document
    • Requirements management
    • User requirements document


    Templates & How-Tos

    • Sample Requirements Document put together for wireless email enhancements
    • Joel on Software: Painless Functional Specifications - Written in 2000, one of the seminal articles on writing software requirements docs
    • StartupCTO: Writing Good Functional Requirements
    • StartupCTO: Software Requirements Template (MS Word)
    • Process Impact: SRS Template - (MS Word)

    North Central Railway

    The North Central Railway is one of the sixteen railway zones in India. It is headquartered at Allahabad and comprises reorganized Allahabad division of Northern Railway, Jhansi division of Central Railway, and new Agra division.

    North Central Railway - Homepage http://www.core.railnet.gov.in/NCR.htm

    Quantum yield

    The quantum yield of a radiation-induced process is the number of times that a defined event occurs per photon absorbed by the system. Thus, the quantum yield is a measure of the efficiency with which absorbed light produces some effect.

    For example, in a chemical photodegradation process, when a molecule falls apart after absorbing a light quantum, the quantum yield is the number of destroyed molecules divided by the number of photons absorbed by the system. Since not all photons are absorbed productively, the typical quantum yield will be less than 1.

    Quantum yields greater than 1 are possible for photo-induced or radiation-induced chain reactions, in which a single photon may trigger a long chain of transformations. One example is the reaction of hydrogen with chlorine, in which a few hundred molecules of hydrochloric acid are typically formed per quantum of blue light absorbed.

    In optical spectroscopy, the quantum yield is the probability that a given quantum state is formed from the system initially prepared in some other quantum state. For example, a singlet to triplet transition quantum yield is the fraction of molecules that, after being photoexcited into a singlet state, cross over to the triplet state. The fluorescence quantum yield is defined as the ratio of the number of photons emitted to the number of photons absorbed.


    See also

    Quantum Efficiency

    Eurodistrict

    A eurodistrict is a European administrative entity that contains urban agglomerations which lie across the border between two or more states. A eurodistrict offers a program for cooperation and integration of the towns or communes which it comprises: for example, improving transport links for people who live and work on different sides of the border. Furthermore, it confers a trans-national regional identity and represents European integration.

    The first Eurodistricts created or currently undergoing creation are:

    • Strasbourg-Kehl-Offenburg, known as the Strasbourg-Ortenau Eurodistrict.
    • The Freiburg-Alsace Eurodistrict
    • Lille-Kortrijk
    • Saar-Moselle
    • Basel-Lörrach-St. Louis-Weil am Rhein

    They may be established:

    • by a simple agreement about common projects in the area;
    • in a more institutionalised manner by a local association for transfrontier or cross-border cooperation (in French: groupement local de coopération transfrontalière or GLCT), which can draw up plans for transfrontier cooperation between towns or communes; or
    • with an even greater degree of institutionalisation, perhaps including structures allowing a transfer of power and elected by all district citizens. This has constitutional implications for the individual countries involved, which have to be taken into account when drawing up agreements.

    Note that transfrontier cooperation methods between regions known as euroregions exist in parallel to eurodistricts, which are generally urban. Furthermore, a eurodistrict can be located within a euroregion and even have certain connections with it.

    The term eurodistrict is quite new and has not been defined by organisations like the Council of Europe or the European Union.


    See also

    • Franco-German cooperation
    • Euroregion


    External links

    • Council of Europe document on Transfrontier Cooperation (October 2005)

    Bitmap textures

    Bitmap textures are digital images representing a surface, a material, a pattern or even a picture, generated by an artist or designer using a bitmap editor software such as Adobe Photoshop or Gimp or simply by scanning an image and, if necessary, retouching it on a personal computer.

    Textures can be built as a large image, larger than the final destination (such a page, for example) so as to fill the complete area without repeating the image (thus avoiding visible seams). Also bitmap textures can be created to be used as repetitive patterns to fill an infinite area. The borders of these patterns or small textures should be treated to give a seamless appearance when applied to an image, unless, of course, the seam is something to be shown.

    When designed for print, textures should be created in high-resolution in order to achieve good results in the final print.

    On the other side, if these textures are meant to be used in multimedia, 3d animation or web design, they should be created in a maximum resolution that equals the one of the final display (Tv, computer monitor, movie projector, etc.).

    If creating a texture with a computer is not an option, then textures can be obtained by purchasing stock images collections, which are expensive but often of a professional quality.

    This article was taken from The Photoshop Roadmap with written permission.


    See also

    • Procedural textures


    External links

    • Photoshop textures and backgrounds tutorials
    • Photoshop CS Tutorial listings, textures, layouts, and more..

    Single density

    Single density, often shortened SD, is a capacity designation on magnetic storage, usually floppy disks. It describes the use of an encoding (or modulation) of information using FM.

    Early floppy disk drives used this method, but they are now obsolete.


    See also

    • Floppy disk format

    Pulse (legume)

    Pulses are defined by the Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations (FAO) as annual leguminous crops yielding from one to twelve grains or seeds of variable size, shape and color within a pod. Pulses are used for food and animal feed.

    The term pulses, as used by the FAO, is reserved for crops harvested solely for the dry grain. This therefore excludes green beans and green peas, which are considered vegetable crops.
    Also excluded are crops which are mainly grown for oil extraction (oilseeds like soybeans and peanuts), and crops which are used exclusively for sowing (clovers, alfalfa).

    Pulses are important food crops due to their high protein and essential amino acid content.
    Like many leguminous crops, pulses play a key role in crop rotation due to their ability to fix nitrogen.


    Statistics

    India is both the world’s largest producer and the world’s largest importer of pulses.

    Canada, Myanmar, Australia and the United States are significant exporters of pulses. These are the four most significant suppliers of India’s imports, in that order.

    The vast majority of leguminous crops grown in the United States are soybeans, used as livestock feed and for extraction of vegetable oil, and peanuts, neither of which is considered a pulse.


    Classification of pulses

    FAO recognizes 11 primary pulses.

    1. Dry beans (Phaseolus spp. including several species now in Vigna)

      • Kidney bean, haricot bean, pinto bean, navy bean (Phaseolus vulgaris)
      • Lima bean, butter bean (Vigna lunatus)
      • Azuki bean, adzuki bean (Vigna angularis)
      • Mung bean, golden gram, green gram (Vigna radiata)
      • Black gram, Urad (Vigna mungo)
      • Scarlet runner bean (Phaseolus coccineus)
      • Rice bean (Vigna umbellata)
      • Moth bean (Vigna acontifolia)
      • Tepary bean (Phaseolus acutifolius)
    2. Dry broad beans (Vicia faba)
      • Horse bean (Vicia faba equina)
      • Broad bean (Vicia faba)
      • Field bean (Vicia faba)
    3. Dry peas (Pisum spp.)
      • Garden pea (Pisum sativum var. sativum)
      • Protein pea (Pisum sativun var. arvense)
    4. Chickpea, Garbanzo, Bengal gram (Cicer arietinum)
    5. Dry cowpea, Black-eyed pea, blackeye bean (Vigna unguiculata ssp. dekindtiana)
    6. Pigeon pea, Toor, cajan pea, congo bean (Cajanus cajan)
    7. Lentil (Lens culinaris)
    8. Bambara groundnut, earth pea (Vigna subterranea)
    9. Vetch, common vetch (Vicia sativa)
    10. Lupins (Lupinus spp.)
    11. Minor pulses include:
      • Lablab, hyacinth bean (Lablab purpureus)
      • Jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis), sword bean (Canavalia gladiata)
      • Winged bean (Psophocarpus teragonolobus)
      • Velvet bean, cowitch (Mucuna pruriens var. utilis)
      • Yam bean (Pachyrrizus erosus)


    Protein content

    Pulses are 20 to 25% protein by weight, which is double the protein content of wheat and three times that of rice. For this reason, pulses are sometimes called “poor man’s meat”. While pulses are generally high in protein, and the digestibility of that protein is also high, they often are relatively poor in the essential amino acid methionine. Grains (which are themselves deficient in lysine) are commonly consumed along with pulses to form a complete protein.


    References

    • Food and Agriculture Organization. DEFINITION AND CLASSIFICATION OF COMMODITIES, 4. PULSES AND DERIVED PRODUCTS, 1994


    See also

    • Fabaceae


    External links

    • http://www.pulsecanada.com/
    • http://www.specialcrops.mb.ca/
    • http://www.grainlegumes.com/
    • http://www.beanslentils.com/about_b&l.htm

    Dynamic factor

    In econometrics a dynamic factor (also known as a diffusion index) is a series which measures the co-movement of many time series. It is used in macroeconomic models.

    Formally

    <math> X_{t}=\Lambda_{t}F_{t}+e_{t},</math>

    where <math>F_{t}=(f^{\top}_{t},\dots,f^{\top}_{t-q})</math> is the vector of lagged factors of the variables in the <math>T \times N</math> matrix <math>X_{t}</math> (T is the number of observations and N is the number of variables),<math>\Lambda_{t}</math> are the factor loadings, and <math>e_{t}</math> is the factor error.


    Literature

    • Forni, Mario & Lippi, Marco, 2001. The Generalized Dynamic Factor Model: Representation Theory, Econometric Theory, vol. 17(6), pages 1113-41.
    • Stock, James H & Watson, Mark W, 2002. Macroeconomic Forecasting Using Diffusion Indexes, Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, vol. 20(2), pages 147-62.

    Ricco’s Law

    Ricco’s Law explains the visual relationship between a target area and target contrast required for detection. It is shown below

    <math>log (Contrast) = K - log(Area) </math>

    Ricco’s Law is applicable for regions where the target being detected is unresolved. This region is variable based on the amount of background luminance. Ricco’s Law is based on the fact that the ‘Signal’ of the target being detected is proportional to the threshold contrast multiplied by the area. Therefore, the contrast threshold required for detection is proportional to the signal to noise ratio multiplied by the noise divided by the area. This leads to the above equation.


    See Also

    • Spatial Summation

    Industrial Relations Act 1971

    The Industrial Relations Act 1971 was an Act of Parliament in the United Kingdom, since repealed. It was referred to as 1971 c. 72 (the 72nd Act of the United Kingdom Parliament enacted in 1971), and was largely based on proposals outlined in the governing Conservative Party’s manifesto for the 1970 general election. The act was highly controversial and was repealed in 1974 when the Labour Party returned to government.


    Effect of legislation

    The law limited wildcat strikes and prohibited limitations on legitimate strikes. It also established the National Industrial Relations Court, which was empowered to grant injunctions as necessary to prevent injurious strikes and also to settle a variety of labour disputes. The Act repealed portions of the Trade Disputes and Trade Unions Act 1927, which prohibited general strikes.


    Trade union reaction

    The Trades Union Congress under the leadership of General Secretary Vic Feather campaigned against the legislation with a nationwide “Kill the Bill” campaign. [1] On 12 January, 1971 the TUC held a ‘day of action’ in protest, with a march through London. In March, 1,500,000 members of the Amalgamated Engineering Union staged a one day strike. After the Bill received Royal Assent, in September 1971 the TUC voted to require its member unions not to comply with its provisions (including registering as a union under the Act). The Transport and General Workers Union was twice fined for contempt of court over its refusal to comply. However, some smaller unions did comply and 32 were suspended from membership of the TUC at the 1972 congress.


    Protest

    Campaigning against the Bill eventually coalesced around individual workers. When the Pentonville Five were arrested for refusing to appear before the National Industrial Relations Court and imprisoned in the summer of 1972, their case received great publicity. Eventually, the Official Solicitor intervened to order their release.


    Repeal

    Prime Minister Edward Heath called a general election over the issue of “Who Governs Britain?” in February 1974, during a lengthy dispute with the National Union of Mineworkers. Two days before polling day, the Director-General of the Confederation of British Industry Campbell Adamson made a speech in which he said “I should like to see the next government repeal the Act so that we can get proper agreement on what should replace it”. Adamson’s statement made headlines, and was thought to have damaged the Conservative Party’s election prospects. Adamson’s statement was repudiated by CBI President Sir Michael Clapham, and he offered to resign (the offer was refused).

    The incoming Labour government repealed the Act through the Trade Union and Labour Relations Act 1974.

    Drainage density

    Drainage density is the total length of all the streams and rivers in a drainage basin divided by the total area of the drainage basin.

    This can effect the shape of a river’s hydrograph. Rivers that have a high drainage density will often have a more ‘flashy’ hydrograph with a steep falling limb. High densities can also cause a greater flood risk.


    External links

    • Drainage Basin at the Learning Channel

    Core Strategy

    A Core Strategy Document is the key compulsory Local Development Document specified in United Kingdom planning law. Every other Local Development Document is built on the principles it sets out, regarding the development and use of land in a Local Planning Authority’s area. The principles should be in accordance with the Community strategy.


    Some Legal Requirements of The Core Strategy Document

    Additional to the requirements of all Local Development Documents, Core Strategies:-

    • Should be location specific rather than site specific and so may be illustrated by a key diagram or on Ordnance Survey based proposals maps.
    • May need to be expressed as criteria based policies.


    See also

    • Development Plan Document
    • The Town and Country Planning (Local Development) (England) Regulations 2004


    External links

    • Statutory Instrument (2004/2204)

    Footprinting

    Footprinting is the technique of gathering information about computer systems and the entities they belong to. This is done by employing various computer security techniques, as:

    • Ping sweeps
    • Port Scanning
    • Operating system identification
    • Network enumeration
    • Registrar queries
    • Organizational queries
    • DNS queries
    • Network queries
    • Point of contact queries

    When used in the computer security lexicon, “footprinting” generally refers to one of the pre-attack phases; tasks performed prior to doing the actual attack. Some of the tool used for footprinting are samspade, nslookup, traceroute, Nmap and neotrace.

    Decagonal antiprism

    In geometry, the decagonal antiprism is the eighth in an infinite set of antiprisms formed by an even-numbered sequence of triangle sides closed by two polygon caps.

    If faces are all regular, it is a semiregular polyhedron.


    See also

    • Set of antiprisms


    External links

    • Virtual Reality Polyhedra www.georgehart.com: The Encyclopedia of Polyhedra
      • VRML model
      • Conway Notation for Polyhedra Try: “A10″

    Nervous Gender

    Nervous Gender is a punk band founded in Los Angeles, California in 1978 by Gerardo Velazquez, Edward Stapleton, Phranc and Michael Ochoa.

    Their use of heavily distorted keyboards and synthesizers made them, along with the Screamers, one of the original innovators of what is today called “Synthpunk”, although they could equally be considered an early industrial group. The group was confrontational and experimental.

    Phranc’s androgynous appearance was the embodiment of the group’s name and garnered the band much press in zines such as Slash. Despite their somewhat high profile, the groups’ habit of provoking the audience, obscene material and harsh erotics guaranteed they would never gain commercial acceptance. At their first show in 1979, a benefit for the Women’s Video Center, Phranc called the audience “pussies” and “dykes” when the band was requested to stop playing, and songs like “Jesus Clone”, contained lyrics such as “Jesus was a cocksucking Jew”.

    In 1979, Don Bolles of The Germs joined as drummer. The next year Phranc left the band and Paul Roessler of the Screamers joined. At this time they recorded the tracks for the compilation Live At Target, released as an LP and a video, both seminal not only in the punk scene but also as early industrial recordings; fellow contributors Factrix and Zev (listed on this recording as “UNS”) were early industrial acts, and Nervous Gender found more acceptance among that scene initially. All the artists involved in Live At Target were experimenting with atonality, noise and concepts not common until post-punk groups emerged later. Nervous Gender played with bands such as SPK, Factrix, Non, Einsturzende Neubauten, and Psychic TV during the early 1980s.

    In 1981 they released their LP Music From Hell, which included guest vocalist Alice Bag from The Bags singing on “Alice’s Song”. Nervous Gender did not record in the studio again. After the LP came out, Paul Roessler moved to New York to play with the Nina Hagen Band and was replaced by Bill Cline, and Don Bolles left the band to play with 45 Grave. He was replaced by an eight-year-old boy, Sven Pfeiffer. In 1982, Sven’s mother took the young drummer back to live in Germany. During their career Nervous Gender was called by one critic, “…the thorn in the side of the L.A. music scene…”.

    During the mid 80s, the band was on the verge of breaking up when members of Wall of Voodoo Bruce Moreland, Marc Moreland and Chas Grey, who were fans, stepped in and offered to collaborate with them. It was at this point that a guitar-driven version of Nervous Gender emerged. During this time Dinah Cancer of 45 Grave was a frequent guest performer with them, and they played shows with bands such as Christian Death, Super Heroines, Kommunity FK and Gobsheit (a side project of Stapleton’s with Patrice Repose) at venues such as the Anti Club. In 1988, Edward Stapleton played his last show with the band.

    In early 1990, original members Gerardo Velasquez and Michael Ochoa along with Joe Zinnato (a long time Ochoa collaborator) revived Nervous Gender as a trio. This formation did a series of 8 performances, and were working on what would have been the final Nervous Gender album (working title “American Regime”) with producer Paul Cutler ( of 45 Grave). The final performance of Nervous Gender was on August 26, 1991 at Club A.S.S. in Silverlake, CA. Gerardo Velasquez died on March 28, 1992, at age 33.

    After Gerardo’s death, members Ochoa and Zinnato, with the addition of singer Claire Lawrence - Slater (of Honeymoon Killers, Huge Killer Ships), formed “HighHeelTitWig” a punk-industrial-pop-grunge hybrid, which played a series of shows. In 1995 Joe Zinnato suffered a serious stroke which put an end to musical activities.

    As of 2005, Edward Stapleton, Michael Ochoa and Joe Zinnato were reviewing all of the Nervous Gender material (studio, live and rehearsal recordings and performance videos) with an eye towards releasing a NG retospective. At this time, Edward Stapleton (with Karene Stapleton) also recorded under the name Kali’s Thugs.


    Discography

    • Live at Target (1980) on Subterranean Records
    • Music from Hell split LP with Beelzebub Youth (aka Nervous Gender) (1981) on Subterranean Records
    • Live at the Roxy
    • Live at the Scream
    • Nervous Gender Live at the Hong Kong Cafe 1979 (2006) The first in a series of archival recordings available from Nervous Gender via their web site


    See also

    List of musicians in the first wave of punk music


    External links

    • Official Nervous Gender Archive site
    • Nervous Gender Unofficial Site
    • Edward Stapleton’s theoretcal site
    • Interview with Edward Stapleton
    • Review of Live At Target

    A NERVOUS GENDER show in 2007

    • http://events.myspace.com/index.cfm?fuseaction=events.detail&eventID=353152.98612&Mytoken=8C2AE4DB-5C64-4636-B8FD20799FD8874E23465364

    Simplified Planning Zones

    Simplified Planning Zones (SPZs) are zones of land in the United Kingdom earmarked for specific development where the planning process is relaxed in order to encourage development. Advice on SPZs is given in Planning Policy Statement 5 PPG 5

    Simplified Planning Zones together with Local Development Orders are an optional part of the Local Development Documents required by the Local Development Framework.

    Debhelper

    debhelper is a suite of programs originally written by Joey Hess that help a Debian packager write a rules files. A rules file is a makefile that contains instructions for building and creating a Debian package.


    Overview

    There are many tasks that need to be performed over and over again in the rules files. Instead of cutting and pasting code to do these tasks, debhelper allows a packager to simply call one of its 51 programs to do the task for them.

    debhelper can greatly simplify things. Debian includes packages of GNU hello made both with and without debhelper as examples for packagers. The rules file that does not use debhelper is 1,978 characters. In contrast, the version that uses debhelper is 1,022 characters.


    dh_make

    Related to debhelper, there is also a tool called dh_make. dh_make copies templates of all of the files needed to build a debian package to the source directory of a program. These templates are customized slightly based on information that the user gives and on a cursory examination of how the source code is built. After running dh_make, a developer still has to edit most of the template files to be able to build the package.

    Although closely related to it, dh_make is not part of debhelper; it was separately developed by Craig Small.


    See also

    • CDBS builds on debhelper to allow a user to write even shorter rules files.
    • Debian GNU/Linux.

    Carrier-to-receiver noise density

    Carrier-to-receiver noise density ( C /k T ): In satellite communications, the ratio of the received carrier power to the receiver noise power density.

    Note 1: The carrier-to-receiver noise density ratio is usually expressed in dB.

    Note 2: The carrier-to-receiver noise density is given by C /kT, where C is the received carrier power in watts, k is Boltzmann’s constant in joules per kelvin, and T is the receiver system noise temperature in kelvins.

    Note 3: The receiver noise power density, kT, is the receiver noise power per hertz.


    See also

    • List of telecommunications transmission terms
    • List of electronics topics

    Arlington High School

    Arlington High School can refer to one of several American high schools:

    • Arlington High School (Arlington, Massachusetts)
    • Arlington High School (Oregon)
    • Arlington High School (Arlington, Tennessee)
    • Arlington High School (Arlington, Texas)
    • Arlington High School (Arlington, Washington)
    • Arlington High School (Arlington Heights, Illinois)
    • Arlington High School (Indianapolis, Indiana)
    • Arlington High School (LaGrange, New York)
    • Arlington High School (Nebraska)
    • Arlington High School (Riverside, California)
    • Arlington High School (Ohio)
    • Arlington Senior High School Saint Paul, Minnesota

    Kilogram-force per square centimetre

    A kilogram-force per square centimeter (kgf/cm2), often just kilogram per square centimeter (kg/cm2), is a unit of pressure using metric units. Its use is now deprecated; it is not a part of the International System of Units (SI), the modern metric system. The unit is similar to the English unit psi (lbf/in2).

    In SI units, the unit is converted to the SI derived unit pascal (Pa), which is defined as one newton per square meter (N/m2). A newton is equal to a kg·m/s2, and a kilogram-force is 9.80665 newtons, meaning that 1 kgf/cm2 equals 98.0665 kilopascals.

    In some older publications, kilogram-force per square centimeter is abbreviated ksc instead of kg/cm2.


    See also

    • Technical atmosphere, another name for this unit

    Still, kg/cm2 remains active as a measurement of force primarily due to older torque measurement devices still in use.

    $5

    There are many $5 banknotes, bills or coins, including:

    • Australian five dollar note
    • Canadian five-dollar bill
    • United States five-dollar bill
    • One of the coins of Hong Kong

    Other currencies that issue $5 banknotes, bills or coins are:

    • Bahamian dollar
    • Barbadian dollar
    • Belize dollar
    • Bermudian dollar
    • Brunei dollar
    • Cayman Islands dollar
    • Cook Islands dollar
    • East Caribbean dollar
    • Fijian dollar
    • Guyanese dollar
    • Jamaican dollar
    • Liberian dollar
    • Namibian dollar
    • New Zealand dollar
    • Samoan tala
    • Singapore dollar
    • Solomon Islands dollar
    • Surinamese dollar
    • New Taiwan dollar
    • Trinidad and Tobago dollar
    • Nicaraguan córdoba
    • Cape Verde escudo
    • Tongan pa’anga
    • Argentine peso
    • Chilean peso
    • Colombian peso
    • Cuban peso
    • Dominican peso
    • Mexican peso
    • Uruguayan peso
    • Brazilian real

    CTQ Tree

    A CTQ Tree (Critical to Quality Tree) is used to decompose broad customer requirements into more easily quantified requirements. CTQ Trees are often used in the Six Sigma methodology.


    Creating a CTQ Tree

    A CTQ tree decomposes a general, hard to measure requirement on the left, through several steps, into more specific, easy to measure variables on the right. It can be a simple, useful tool when the customer requirements are unspecified, broad, or difficult to measure. Sometimes this decomposition can be via mathematically combinable numbers (profit decomposed into price and cost), but sometimes the variables cannot be directly combined mathematically (customer service decomposed into short wait and friendly staff). A CTQ tree is a quick tool generally used near the beginning of a project, with a focus of discovering measurable critical-to-quality requirements, and not fully exploring the causes that influence those measures. It should not be confused with the Cause-and-Effects diagram, sometimes referred to as the fishbone or Ishikawa diagram.


    See also

    • Six Sigma


    References

    • Rath & Strong Management Consultants, Six Sigma Pocket Guide, p. 18. ISBN 0-9705079-0-9
    • George, Michael L., Lean Six Sigma, p. 111. ISBN 0-07-138521-5
    • iSixSigma.com “Turning Customer Data into Critical to Satisfaction Data”

    BAE Systems Submarine Solutions

    BAE Systems Submarine Solutions, until 2003 a unit within BAE Systems Marine, is responsible for the development and production of the Astute class submarine. At the same time BAE Systems Naval Ships was formed to operate the shipbuilding capabilities of BAE Systems.

    The submarines are constructed at BAE Systems’ yard at Barrow-in-Furness. The Astute class is a new generation of nuclear attack submarine (SSN) for the Royal Navy. The order for the initial batch of three ships was place in 1997, with Marconi Marine (VSEL), since absorbed into BAE Systems.


    See also

    • List of Ships and Submarines Built in Barrow-in-Furness, UK

    National Security Advisor

    A National Security Advisor serves as the chief advisor to a national government on matters of security. He or she is not usually a member of the cabinet but is usually a member of various military or security councils.


    Country specific National Security Advisors

    • National Security Advisor (Canada)
    • National Security Advisor (India)
    • National Security Advisor (Iraq)
    • National Security Advisor (South Korea)
    • National Security Advisor (United States)

    Step into Christmas

    Step into Christmas is a Christmas song written and performed by Elton John, released in 1973. Though it was originally released as a stand-alone single in 1973 with the B-Side “Ho! Ho! Ho! Who’d Be a Turkey at Christmas”, it was later included as a bonus track on the 1996 remastered reissue of the album Caribou. It also appears on the albums Elton John’s Christmas Party, Rare Masters, To Be Continued, and The Best Christmas Album In The World…Ever!.


    Other versions

    It was covered by the band The Wedding Present on their 1992 album Hit Parade II, and also covered by The Business for the ‘Bollocks to Christmas’ EP.


    External links

    • Step Into Christmas lyrics

    Beyond the Standard Model

    In physics, the Standard Model of particle physics is currently the best description of all experimental data.
    Nevertheless, there are reasons to believe that there are phenomena that are not accurately described by this theory and
    “Beyond the Standard Model” physics studies possible extensions to the Standard Model that will be probed in
    up-coming experiments.

    There are several areas where beyond the Standard Model physics focuses.

    • The hierarchy problem
    • dark matter
    • The cosmological constant problem
    • The strong CP problem

    In addition to these subjects, there are also attempts at relating different phenomena and parameters to a more
    fundamental theory. A partial classification of these attempts are

    • gauge coupling unification
    • A theory of quark masses and mixings
    • A theory of neutrino masses and mixings


    References


    External links

    JW Marriott Kuwait City

    The JW Marriott Kuwait City, formerly Kuwait City’s Le Meridien hotel, was taken over by Marriott International in November, 2002, and was rebranded on January 1, 2003.


    History

    In 1980, Le Meridien Kuwait opened to international acclaim as one of the most luxurious hotels in the area, and as one of the first international-class hotels in Kuwait.

    In 1990, the hotel’s lobby and first floor were set on fire by invading Iraqi soldiers. Following the Invasion, the damaged areas were restored and reconstructed to reopen to guests.

    In 2003, the hotel served as a major hub for visiting journalists during the war in Iraq. Severe security measures were undertaken at the hotel, including the scanning of all incoming vehicles, passing through metal detectors, luggage scanning, identity tests, and the parking of vehicles several meters from the hotel’s entrance and porte cochère.


    Renovations

    Since January 1, 2003 the hotel has embarked on a multi-million dollar renovation, which included the refurbishment of the hotel’s lobby, restaurants, health facilities, and all guest rooms. Further changes involved the addition of a new logo on the building’s exterior.

    With the refurbishment now complete, the hotel is one of the city’s most luxurious, offering contemporary and state-of-the-art facilities such as a modern, fully-equipped health club with a beautifully decorated indoor pool, intimate restaurants, and superior service to all guests and visitors.

    The hotel has 315 rooms, including seventy-five suites. All rooms measure upwards of thirty-seven square meters, and include Marriott’s ultra-luxury new bedding. The hotel will soon implement Marriott’s new in-room technology including a thirty-two-inch plasma HDTV. ll rooms also feature large bathrooms with separate bathtubs and rain showers.


    Awards

    In 2005, the hotel was named “Best Business Hotel of the Year.”


    See also

    • JW Marriott Hotels


    External links

    • JW Marriott Kuwait City webpage

    Art Directors Club

    The Art Directors Club is a professional association of advertising art directors and graphic designers.
    The US organization has its home in New York, but independent chapters exist worldwide.


    External links

    • http://www.adcglobal.org/

    Linux Incompatibility wiki

    The Linux Incompatibility List is a wiki site aimed to document hardware that is not compatible with Linux, counter to traditional listings of hardware that is (such as hardware compatibility lists), the thought being that so many things work with Linux that it’s easier to track the few, new things that don’t work than all the things that do. It is hoped that with time, as Linux becomes more mainstream, that the need for this list will eventually disappear altogether, but that probably won’t be for a while.

    It is hoped that the listing of hardware on the site could be used to promote companies and hardware that is compatible with Linux, and to encourage hardware manufacturers to consider further compatibility with Linux.